Narrative Essay Prewritting Template Samples

<h1>Narrative Essay Prewritting Template Samples</h1><p>Did you realize that account article revamping layouts are a ton of work? While most authors may discover them valuable, few them really state they would not have composed an article on something besides the subject they were approached to compose about.</p><p></p><p>Well if your response to the above inquiry is truly, you might need to reevaluate your reworking layout. It doesn't require some investment or exertion to make an interesting and unique exposition for your scholastic or profession thought and your story should be sufficiently convincing to defeat the unforgiving analysis you will get on the off chance that you don't think of an incredible one.</p><p></p><p>After you have finished the article, your composing ought to be founded on your goal articulation. Most school educational program addresses start with the announcement, 'The motivation behind this article is to investigate.' So this modifying format test might be all you have to make that happen.</p><p></p><p>Of course, you will likewise need to focus on the words utilized in your blueprint and the sort of words utilized in your composition. You will need to be mindful so as to pick suitable words that express precisely what you mean in your paper. Don't simply pick words that sound like normal things and verbs.</p><p></p><p>There are many free assets that you can use to assist you with figuring out how to compose papers. One of the most significant hints I can give you is to gain from an expert, particularly on the off chance that you are a first time writer.</p><p></p><p>Many school teachers and even many free online classes can offer a type of administration that can assist you with composing better articles. By joining your composing tips with the guidance of an accomplished author, you will get a gre ater piece that is bound to dazzle your instructor.</p><p></p><p>Whether you are an accomplished essayist or a tenderfoot, composing another exposition requires ingenuity and devotion. Set aside the effort to figure out how to compose appropriately, at that point exploit a portion of the many reworking layout tests accessible today.</p><p></p><p>These tests will assist you with making an exposition that is new and energizing, and yet, one that will be comprehended by your crowd. Above all, they will assist you with fulfilling the guidelines set by your instructor.</p>

Easy Psychology Research Paper Topics

Simple Psychology Research Paper TopicsIf you are keen on taking a brain science course, you ought to consider taking a couple of simple brain research inquire about paper themes. These sorts of study aides can give you a general review of the course, giving you an incredible diagram of the classes and their topic. You can see that each class will have a lot of topic and how you can profit by the course.Easy brain science inquire about paper points can give you a few distinct subjects to investigate. A portion of these points may concentrate on only one class or the general subject. Others will offer a huge assortment of themes that you can investigate. You can likewise discover a few themes that spread the whole course as well.These investigate paper points are the initial steps to composing your last report for your course. They will give you a decent knowledge into the subject, giving you thoughts on what you will be relied upon to do. When you have finished your venture, it will give you the data you have to finish your last report. This permits you to satisfy all the prerequisites for the class and give you an incredible outline of the course.When you start to take simple brain science explore paper points, you should take a gander at them and check whether they would be a solid match for you. When you locate a couple of choices, investigate the data and check whether you need to place it into a real class venture. This will permit you to find out about the topic and give you more thoughts for your last report.Easy brain science investigate paper subjects are entirely important when you are searching for something to get ready for a test. The substance can assist you with the inquiries you will be confronted with when you step through the examination. The alternatives will give you a decent manual for the subject of the class. You should consider taking it so you can augment your score.There are numerous simple brain science look into paper points out ther e that you can browse. Perhaps the best thing about this alternative is that it will give you a more extensive assortment than different choices. You can pick a theme that incorporates only the class itself, the various subjects and even the teacher. This will give you a wide assortment and this permits you to modify your report as much as possible.When you are picking the simple brain research explore paper subjects to take, think about your objectives. This will give you a smart thought of what you are searching for from the class and what the course expects of you.

The 5-Minute Rule for Common App Essay Prompt 5 Samples

<h1> The 5-Minute Rule for Common App Essay Prompt 5 Samples </h1> <h2> Common App Essay Prompt 5 Samples - the Story </h2> <p>Where your private paper goes out to all the schools you apply to, supplements are focused on and simply visit a solitary school. It's not fundamental to expound on a couple of significant occasion or accomplishment. Nearby the thorough courses and heavenly educators, school stretches out to you an opportunity to learn in various zones outside the homeroom. Understudies across America will recognize what things to expect, any place they apply. </p> <p>A set-up of web school arranging apparatuses is at present accessible totally for nothing out of pocket for most secondary school understudies. At precisely the same time, you are going to dazzle the school affirmations people extraordinarily in the event that you can introduce your ability to gain from your disappointments and missteps. Universities are increasingly dis posed to concede understudies who can verbalize certain clarifications for why the school is a fantastic fit about them past its notoriety or positioning on any rundown. Fortunately, there are heaps of universities that either don't take an enhancement or give the determination of a discretionary enhancement. </p> <p>This visit application paper brief is appropriate for demonstrating energy and aptitude in a specific region, ideally in what you intend to study in the event that you as of now have a thought regarding what that is. This new brief gives the opportunity to you to examine something which totally excites you. Last, the detail of genuine discourse makes the scene pop. Verify you center in around the points of interest of the discussions and activities in the story. </p> <p>Before you endeavor to settle the contention safeguard you've examined the two sides of the issue. Endeavor to finish up with a representation of the manner in which the disappoin tment improved the bearing you manage comparable circumstances now. Expound on an issue which you have or wish to explain. Try not to disregard to clarify why the issue is noteworthy to you!</p> <p>You should gracefully the most genuine portrayal of your application that you can marshal. Embracing a solitary application framework all through the nation would disentangle the method and limit the amount of work and stress included. The application will be named as sound administrator and could be used to fix the enticements of differed utilization of the framework. The Common App offers you 650 words to clarify anything which you haven't had the space or chance to impart in the rest of your application. </p> <h2> The One Thing to Do for Common App Essay Prompt 5 Samples</h2> <p>It's conceivable to just spare submitted applications. You have a way to pick the perfect innovation for your current undertaking on the off chance that you utilize miniaturized scale applications. The Common App is simply helpful if individuals may discover and use it. This successive application gives you the entire data that you will require. </p> <p>There's not a viable alternative for strong composing abilities when it respects the individual paper, so make a point to rehearse. Discovering how to cut your own meat could have been an enormous arrangement at that point yet it doesn't cut it like a paper subject. Two new article choices are included, and some of the past inquiries are amended. Normal application exposition brief five examples. </p> <p>Colleges can tell at whatever point your paper is only a structure exposition. You just need to compose 1 article to apply to each school. Stephen's exposition is very successful. These seven example articles react to a scope of interesting questions.</p> <h2> The Secret to Common App Essay Prompt 5 Samples</h2> <p>Families might be mentioned to make a trip to numerous workplaces. Taking everything into account, the Additional Information area can be amazingly helpful to understudies so we urge you to utilize it. Be sure to investigate this article for tips and tests for every last one of the Common Application exposition alternatives.</p> <p>Therefore, every affirmation peruser simply has a short timeframe to peruse every application. This brief is an extraordinary decision on the off chance that you wish to investigate a solitary occasion or accomplishment that denoted an extremely clear achievement in your private improvement. Well befo re you start composing your application, you should consider your Story. In the event that you may paint a perfectly clear picture for your peruser by providing subtleties, you're much bound to present a marker in their memories.</p> <p>The focus of incredible structure is to gracefully direction, center, and a substance pecking order. Underneath, you will find the best ten normal web application configuration botches and the best approach to keep them from harming your client in general commitment. The instrument likewise has Spanish language assets. The best thing about plan designs is that it is anything but a last arrangement, rather a format that might be adjusted in numerous one of a kind conditions. </p>

Definition Of Situational Crime Prevention - 2193 Words

Situational Crime Prevention Module III Mr. Aundra’ M. Segrest University of Cincinnatti March 29, 2015 Weak Defensible Space – CPTED Principles Introduction Physical enhancements and beautification of a neighborhood are important components of both increasing the perception of safety and reducing real crime. The environmental design, conditions around a place and how the place is used can lend opportunity for crime to occur (Taylor, 2002). Crime is everywhere and will forever exist as long as there are people in the world. Socio-ecnomic background, ethnicity and geographic location does not change the presence of crime. Research on environmental criminology has concluded that geographic location and buildings architectural features and design have much to contribute to offenders’ opportunity for criminial activity and victimization in a community. Architect and urban planners, Oscar Newman and Jane Jacobs initiated the study on the relationship between environmental design and crime in our society. Newman’s book, Defensible Space: Crime Prevention Through Urban Design, (1972) focused on the study of residential housing physical design and how the building’s features implicated crime in urban residential housing communities and public housing in inner-city residential neighborhoods. His theory described defensible space relative to crime and disorder in the community but have been criticized that physical design had little toShow MoreRelatedCrime Prevention Is A Rather Elastic Term1620 Words   |  7 Pages‘Crime prevention’ is an extremely broad term that intends to change and shape behaviour or events in order to reduce the possibility or probability of crime. â€Å"Crime prevention is a rather elastic term, which at its broadest encompasses any activity intended to reduce the frequency of even ts defined as crimes by the criminal law† (Hough et al, 1980 cited in Doherty, 2005, p.126). Thus is can be hard to completely define crime prevention in one singular definition, as there are many areas that canRead MoreResearch and Theories Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesPolice Captain; To start off I would just like to give thanks for my opportunity to join you in your work. As an expert in the Criminal Justice Field, I would like to share my expertise to help you determine a solution to your new citywide crime prevention strategy. The four areas of research theories that I would like to review are deductive, inductive, grounded, and axiomatic. The first thing I am going to do is give a generalization of the four types of theories that I have provided. The reasonRead MoreUsing Material from Item a and Elsewhere, Assess Sociological Views of Crime Reduction Strategies.841 Words   |  4 Pagesassess sociological views of crime reduction strategies. (21 marks). There are numerous different types of strategies for crime reduction. These include crime prevention tactics which are suitable for whole societies, and also forms of punishment which are suitable for individuals. Crime prevention strategies include situational crime prevention, environmental crime prevention, and social and community crime prevention. Ron Clark describes situational crime prevention as ‘a pre-emptive approach thatRead MoreDifferent Crime Scripts Of Acquaintance And Decision Making Processes Adopted By Offenders1534 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough largely unreported, sexual offending by adult acquaintances is a highly prevalent crime (Silva, 2004). This review will look at how crime scripts , through a rational choice perspective, aids in the situational prevention of crime. Furthermore, it will analyse the literature concerning this crime, identifying the modus operandi and decision making processes adopted by offenders, defining the different crime scripts of acquaintance rape illustrated in previous empirical literature. This reviewRead MoreThe Relationship Between Terrorist Organizations And Drug Cartels965 Words   |  4 Pagesorganizations, and their facilitators continue to present a residual terrorist funding risk to the United States through â€Å"narco-terrorism† (Department of the Treasury, 2015). To demonstrate the complex web of persons, money, and illegal commerce, organized crime in China has collaborated with Mexican drug cartels in extortion, drug trafficking, human trafficking and money laundering (Ellis, 2012). This flow of illegal activity has filtered into the United States and Canada through their semi-porous bordersRead MoreCrime, Social Order And Control1385 Words   |  6 Pages Dainah Mc Neill B00666471 Criminology and Criminal Justice Crime, Social Order and Control Brian Payne Word Count: 1500 Reflecting upon the current prison regime in the UK, critically consider arguments and evidence related to the application of criminal justice policy This essay will discuss both prisons and the criminal justice system. It will undertake research to see if the prison system is working in todays society and also look at all the researchRead MoreUprooting terrorism in Pakistan Essay563 Words   |  3 Pages Policymaking Decision-making process in antiterrorism has gone through a long way in Pakistan. From being merely a national initiative to one that weakens bilateral and international responsibilities of a state. The definition of terrorist acts has also broadened over the years and so has the legal implements to prosecute such acts. Legally the state is well equipped to deal with the terrorism, but due to incompetency in infrastructure, resources and friction between stakeholders, it has been unsuccessfulRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System Essay1432 Words   |  6 Pagesparallel to the meaning behind laws, crime occurrence and punishment were significant (Griffin, et al., 2016). Along with Durkheim’s ideas, Robert Bohm argued that law is enacted by the interest of those who obtain much power in order to surpass groups below them. With this, the making of myths will benefit those of higher authority to enforce these laws and crime control policies (p. 126-127). Furthermore, there are many themes visible within the world of crime myths. Victor Kappeler and Gary PotterRead MoreCrime Displacement Or Diffusion Of Benefits?931 Words   |  4 PagesCrime Displacement or Diffusion of Benefits? Definition of displacement and types of displacement Displacement is the response of offenders to the crime prevention strategies, especially the ones that block criminal opportunities (Barr and Pease, 1990; Eck, 1993). Besides the most intelligible displacement, the change in the location of crimes (spatial displacement), researchers proposed five other types of displacements, which are: temporal displacement, target (victim) displacement, method displacementRead MoreThe Role Of Situational Leadership Theory For A New Center1257 Words   |  6 Pagesstrategies, and implement situational theory to help us to stay up to speed on anti-and counter-terrorism efforts. As leaders for this fusion center it will be our job to make sure that new changes are accepted, and create a new paradigm for information and intelligence exchange, especially from our newest integration of these three groups which are public safety, law enforcement, and the private sector. Situational leadership theory Most of us when we think of Situational theory we do not put leadership

Great Topics For A Compare And Contrast Essay

<h1>Great Topics For A Compare And Contrast Essay</h1><p>Finding incredible themes for a thoroughly analyze exposition is perhaps the most straightforward assignment that you will ever wind up embraced. There are a few subjects that you can use to truly zest up your exposition and take it to the following level. Coming up next are a few themes that you should utilize when composing a thoroughly analyze exposition. You will find that these subjects will assist your article with standing out from the rest and hotshot your extraordinary perspective that you have found through your experiences.</p><p></p><p>While there are numerous incredible themes that you can use to compose an exposition that is planned for helping you to know another person, you should consider your own circumstance. At the point when you feel that you have to know another person, you may feel like you should be companions with them. That is the reason when you are beginning to explore subjects, you may find that a few points are intended for helping you meet individuals. Different themes incorporate the various kinds of encounters that individuals have had in their lives. Since this is an exposition about you, you need to consider the individuals that you have met through life that can fill in as extraordinary subjects for a thoroughly analyze essay.</p><p></p><p>Just like you may have had comparable conditions with somebody, you may find that you can without much of a stretch study somebody by asking them inquiries that they will have been confronting. Get some information about their adolescence, regardless of whether they are hitched or not, and what kind of employments they have had in their lives. You may likewise need to get some information about any territories that they find intriguing, or get familiar with things that they may enjoy.</p><p></p><p>Finally, perhaps the best point that you can util ize when composing a look into article is about their family. You may have some extraordinary stories that you have gained from one of your relatives and you may find that you can without much of a stretch identify with a portion of the things that they have let you know. Through the things that you have gained from the individuals you have known inyour family, you will have the option to pick up knowledge on what encounters that you are going to impart to this person.</p><p></p><p>As you can see, discovering incredible points for a thoroughly analyze article can assist with expanding the degree of consideration that you can get. This is on the grounds that you are discovering special subjects to expound on that will flaunt the distinctions that you have found in this individual. This is the reason this sort of exposition is very important.</p><p></p><p>Writing a thoroughly analyze paper can be a great deal of fun, yet you will likewis e need to ensure that you invest a ton of energy finding out about the subjects that you intend to cover. When you find out about these subjects, you will have the option to all the more likely disclose what they intend to you. At the point when you become knowledgeable in these subjects, you will have a superior comprehension of the individual that you are expounding on and along these lines you will have the option to cause the peruser to comprehend your perspective even better.</p><p></p><p>When you are composing an article, you may find that there are a few themes that you will discover intriguing and will improve the article significantly more. Discovering incredible themes for an investigate article may not be something that you consider, however it is something that you should consider when you are searching for something to work with when you are composing a paper. Ensure that you do consider these themes so you will have the option to pick the best s ubject for you.</p>

Dissertation Editors

<h1>Dissertation Editors</h1><p>Dissertation editors are employed to offer the master exhortation expected to assist you with finishing your work. These sorts of specialists can be discovered on the web and in scholastic workplaces. Editors may give you help through research, altering, or composition management.</p><p></p><p>There are a few kinds of editors that can be utilized for significant zones of exposition composing. For instance, the remote helper, composition handler, and investigator editors are instances of these sorts of editors. The menial helper is an individual who works with the understudy, yet at the same time has the opportunity to seek after other duties.</p><p></p><p>Manuscript editors handle the greater part of the work. They alter each part of the last item, from the crude material, to the proposal explanation, to the introduction of the realities. Numerous such editors don't charge their customer s by the task. They do as such on a 'charge by task' basis.</p><p></p><p>A proposal editorial manager is commonly appointed the work when the educator is going over the last draft of the paper. For this situation, the understudy or coach is answerable for the finishing of the undertaking. During this period, the educator is evaluating the work to ensure the essayist is observing the guidelines and guidelines that administer the scholarly community.</p><p></p><p>Thesis editors are otherwise called theory writers. They are not permitted to include any remarks or give any additional material to the completed item. They should play out the vital and appropriate amendments to guarantee that the scholarly composing is up to standard.</p><p></p><p>While these kinds of editors are not allowed to give criticism on propositions or expositions, they might be counseled for recommendations about how to improve the paper. The y will frequently give applicable and significant data in regards to the qualities and shortcomings of the piece. For instance, on the off chance that the proposal author's subject depends on an exploration venture, at that point the manager ought to have the option to call attention to the qualities and shortcomings of that specific task. Likewise, he/she can call attention to the chances and difficulties that the proposal author missed in the process.</p><p></p><p>Editors can likewise suggest explicit composing styles or research strategies. This could incorporate perspective or artistic style. He/she can likewise offer feelings about the validity of sources or the potential effect of such sources on the general work. They can likewise give guidance on the length of the thesis to decide if it is excessively long or too short.</p><p></p><p>In expansion, the doctoral editorial manager might be utilized to help with finishing the examin ation, composing, or scholarly composing venture as a free research venture or as a component of an educator's class. As a major aspect of this procedure, understudies are relied upon to present a careful synopsis of their venture, with every single supporting report and research results. This likewise gives the teacher significant and supporting proof of the understudy's examination strategies. The thesis editorial manager can give this data to understudies and instructors.</p>

The Downside Risk of Principles of Microeconomics Topics of Interest Essay That No One Is Talking About

<h1> The Downside Risk of Principles of Microeconomics Topics of Interest Essay That No One Is Talking About </h1> <h2>Vital Pieces of Principles of Microeconomics Topics of Interest Essay </h2> <p>The articles are made to show you exactly how to go over a money related point or issue. Making up an incredible topic to form about must be among the most problematic activities. In certain examples, only one view point may likewise be introduced to the perusers. </p> <p>In the occasion you need to make a conventional microeconomics subject paper all alone, the underlying spot to look into is on the web. In microeconomics, the idea is for all intents and purposes indistinguishable. You could battle to get to the examination which helps your contention, and you may likewise be re-thinking your own comprehension. By the finish of these a month, you'll have taken in the fundamentals of economics!</p> <p>Managerial financial matters meets these prerequisites of the organization firm. Microeconomics is a position of monetary science which depends on a strong assortment of logical research. Microeconomics is likewise called value hypothesis since it focuses on the arrangement of costs for some of the products. Microeconomics and macroeconomics aren't isolated subjects, however rather reciprocal viewpoints on the all out subject of the economy.</p> <p>There isn't only one right' presentation. In any case, it's fitting to begin with the short presentation segment that will bring about your chief point. Having the correct theme to compose on is a significant advance in the article creating approach. Making a rundown of the advantages and impediments is the perfect starting to composing a favorable circumstances and weaknesses article about swelling. </p> <p>You need to recall that the theme should be exact and precise. This particular point fits the blissful medium. You will be provided a theme with various subcategories. Simply pick a theme and write!</p> <h2>New Step by Step Roadmap for Principles of Microeconomics Topics of Interest Essay </h2> <p>You might be mentioned to complete a common paper where you essentially depict an issue and offer a few arrangements or settle an unpredictable contextual analysis. There are some fairly amazing instances of proposition explanations that might be appeared previously. Your paper should be unique and particular. A contentious paper is a piece of the influence. </p> <p>AP Psychology test questions normally join precisely the same kind of structure. The College is written in the Constitution. Understudies are acquainted with the reality which their educators give them with the task's point. </p> <p>In its turn, request is a scope of products and ventures shoppers are good to go to purchase at sure costs relying upon their inclinations and value go. Some of the world's most notable games are associated with Europa. Immaculate rivalry is a kind of market structure when there's countless makers and shoppers working available. Following that, understudies find how to comprehend the particular money related markets, what's an open economy, along with trade rates, paces of premium, and buying influence. </p> <h2> Principles of Microeconomics Topics of Interest Essay Ideas</h2> <p>A part of the best qualities will remain illogical. Mulling over the depictions referenced, the two ideas give the impression they're associated with the faculties and view of the masses. You could focus on just one market structure and discussion about its preferences and hindrances or you could do an exhaustive examination of more than 1 market structure. The structure of the commercial center is additionally very critical as it mirrors the opportunity of the nearness of impeccable rivalry. </p> <p>The absolute first thought is to pick which arrangements and financial plans you'll be talking about. While it is important that you dissect the strength of measures from the 2016 financial plan the inquiry isn't confined to a conversation of the most recent monetary approach. Investing energy in planning, investigate and making the best possible inquiry may appear as though an exercise in futility, however it's a speculation that will assist you with sparing you exertion later on. Critiques which are simply clear with next to no assessment should be dodged and assists with shielding you from falling in that trap. </p> <h2> A Startling Fact about Principles of Microeconomics Topics of Interest Essay Uncovered </h2> <p>In a few occurrences such kind of composing is likewise alluded to as powerful composition and requests some intense composing capacities. There is a grouping of spaces that you can exploit. The most significant utilization of the tests is to keep you up with the material so you will profit by the in-class interests and be prepared for the tests. Clearly, there are loads of types and grades of every asset. </p>

How to Write Easy Classification Essay Topics

Step by step instructions to Write Easy Classification Essay TopicsEasy order paper subjects are basic to accomplishment recorded as a hard copy your school or college exposition. Notwithstanding setting up a total rundown of paper points, you additionally need to conceptualize about the potential substance for every one of these subjects. You will need to ensure that you spread the entirety of the significant themes for every point. You can achieve this by conceptualizing about every subject with some dear companions or relatives and afterward adding these plans to your unique paper.It is indispensable that you set aside the effort to inquire about the entirety of the points that you feel will profit you and your friends. Since there are numerous schools and colleges out there, you ought to have the option to locate various simple characterization article subjects that you can remember for your paper. Simply make sure to consistently have a ton of fun while making your article topic s.However, it is fundamental that you additionally make sure to peruse every subject up on its own benefits before attempting to add them to your undertaking. On the off chance that you essentially include these out of this world to you from an article task book, it may not be the most ideal approach. You may find that you have committed a few errors en route and may wind up investing more energy adjusting these mistakes.Your objective is to make an elegantly composed bit of composed work that not just fuses the entirety of the different exposition subjects and furthermore reflects how you consider yourself to be an individual. Therefore, you will need to concentrate on the data that you will place into your article. For instance, you might need to ensure that you put a great deal of accentuation on your past encounters. Obviously, you will likewise need to give a valiant effort to incorporate your future plans.On the other hand, you might need to concentrate on recent developments, for example, recent developments, late occasions, and patterns. This will assist you with expressing your sentiments on recent developments without putting a lot of an accentuation on what's going on right now. It is significant that you generally expound on your particular feelings on a particular subject.Easy characterization exposition themes is normally founded on your very own advantages. You need to expound regarding the matters that intrigue you and what intrigues you. In the event that you happen to be an individual who appreciates history, you might need to incorporate subjects, for example, significant dates, spots, or individuals.You ought not be hesitant to expound on your preferred subject as a simple order article themes. Despite the fact that it might appear that you may be one-sided or fractional about your supposition, it is significant that you read the various musings and conclusions for the various points. At that point, you will have the option to ponder the su bject as a whole.Finally, recall that you can use the same number of simple grouping article themes as you need. It is significant that you ensure that you incorporate the entirety of the significant subjects and it will assist you with completing your paper a lot quicker. Since numerous understudies ensure that they look into the entirety of the various points, it is exceptionally simple to commit a major error and wind up burning through a great deal of time.

Whatever They Told You About Errors in Pie Essay Writing Is Dead Wrong...And Heres Why

<h1>Whatever They Told You About Errors in Pie Essay Writing Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why </h1> <h2> The Birth of Errors in Pie Essay Writing </h2> <p>When you begin to create your article for a state sanctioned test, you need to initially choose what kind of paper you are being mentioned to compose. This regularly brings about the peruser scrutinizing the legitimacy of the entire exposition or research paper. For instance, you can work out the citation that could be useful for you. The absolute best exhortation recorded as a hard copy a generally excellent article is to back off and hold fast to the rules to ensure an amazing paper. </p> <h2> The Errors in Pie Essay Writing Cover Up </h2> <p>With proper accentuation, a section can normally be associated with the earlier sentence. On the off chance that more than 1 word may be the precursor, or if no specific predecessor is available, alter to make the importance clear. Keep up the syntactic example in a sentence. </p> <p>The two most incessant points of view of composing are the underlying and third person. Dissect whatever you read so as to fortify your thoughts recorded as a hard copy. On the off chance that you started arranging toward the start, at that point composing an unrivaled outline will be far simpler close to the end. About each understudy has an issue with writing in the wrong viewpoints sooner or later. </p> <p>Ultimately, you can head toward my FB page and join a large number of various understudies that are moving in the direction of the test. Subsequently, it's essential to peruse and over again gave bit of information so as to have sufficient opportunity to think about it and think about thoughts. In spite of the fact that spell check is a somewhat proficient apparatus there are things that it simply doesn't get. Buy in to our FREE pamphlet and start improving your life in just 5 minutes each day.</p> <h 2>Errors in Pie Essay Writing at a Glance </h2> <p>Maintaining dear fellowships is excellent for your prosperity. Likewise, it's a momentous chance to meet new individuals and build up your informative abilities. Composing a hypothetical part will take a lot of your time, shrewdness and capacities. Normally, it tends to be enormously upsetting to an individual, all things considered, it's an astonishing opportunity to adjust life for the last time. </p> <h2> New Ideas Into Errors in Pie Essay Writing Never Before Revealed </h2> <p>Texting is fine in case you're messaging, else it should not be utilized. To upgrade this sentence, the creator should make express what understudies stood up to. Thusly, understudies should be made aware of the sentence structure rules and the educators should make certain their understudies know the manner in which the language structure administers and apply them inside their writings.</p> <p>There is a decent contrast in English capability among urban and rustic school understudies in spite of the fact that they share precisely the same prospectus. Also, understudies' arrangements should be set apart by more than 1 marker so the result will be increasingly solid. Other than that, it might likewise be accepted that a few understudies are ignorant of the different standards of tenses application. The understudies are largely guys and they're from the absolute five star of the fourth structure and every one of them originated from national kind school which utilizes Bahasa Malaysia as the most significant mode of guidance. </p> <p>Careless mistakes commonly include inability to inspect accomplice's hardware and lack of essential salvage capacities. Perhaps the best technique to get your foot in the entryway at an association you might want to work for is to specify a specialist association with one of their current faculty. Visit preparing and molding can end up being he lpful in an extremely long run.</p> <h2> The Ultimate Errors in Pie Essay Writing Trick </h2> <p>The peruser might want to watch the insights on the quantity of individuals today are in certainty kicking the bucket. Social trade is a basic bit of making a trip that assists with creating character and gain new life-changing experiences. There are heaps of sports on earth. There's a mess of sports on earth.</p> <p>The other clarification is that you wouldn't be able to complete the exposition in time or if complete it, you may not get the chance to survey it. Regularly understudies don't do this since they go through 20 minutes composing, yet it is a lot of better than compose for around 15 minutes and permit 5 minutes to check and clean your composition. In a perfect world, you should permit 3 to 4 minutes at the end of the test to affirm and clean your composition. Try not to stress, it doesn't need to be great, you essentially have a quarter hour and just should see the key highlights and report them in a precise manner. </p> <p>Headings in an exploration paper should be used in consistence with the estimation of its going with content. Presentation is the part where you need to summarize the inquiry yet in the occasion you rather duplicate the entire explanations from the inquiry, the inspector won't check those words and in this way, you will get punished for composing less measure of words. The presentation has become the most significant section since it supplies course for the full article. </p> <h2> Errors in Pie Essay Writing Can Be Fun for Everyone </h2> <p>So, the final product of the examination doesn't show that all understudies in Malaysia submit the very same blunders and have precisely the same purposes for the mistakes. The papers which don't have sufficient delineations of the key focuses need profundity and exhibit the absence of mindful research. There are a couple of co nfinements inside this examination. 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Try not to be terrified to pose inquiry about the errand on the off chance that you don't comprehend what the educator wishes to find in the paper. Any pie graph question will adhere to the very same arrangement. </p> <p>Since you can see, the entirety of the information in the 3 sentences has been taken from the inquiry, however it hasn't been duplicated. There are various words and expressions that are regularly confounded and abused in sentences. A sudden spike in demand for sentence happens when you associate two essential provisions without an accentuation. Be particularly mindful so as to not preclude words from quotations.</p>

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Choosing Essay Writing Samples For Your Ideal Teacher

<h1>Choosing Essay Writing Samples For Your Ideal Teacher</h1><p>There are many article composing tests accessible, yet it very well may be very hard to pick the correct one from an ocean of troublesome decisions. It is significant that you know which one you should utilize, particularly in the event that you are utilizing your own article for school. There are diverse paper working examples out there, and this implies you have a ton of alternatives to pick from.</p><p></p><p>I recommend that you compose your article before you search for the ideal model, with the goal that you will have some thought what you need to accomplish. Your guide ought to likewise have the option to give you an excellent beginning on your undertaking. You can either get a book or you can check with the expectation of complimentary example expositions on the web. On the off chance that you can't discover anything, at that point go to libraries that offer free web acc ess.</p><p></p><p>There are numerous manners by which you can have the option to locate the best article composing tests. You can check for them through papers and magazines. There are papers and magazines which don't have any composing tests, so you should can put in no time flat before you go to the market to check for your article composing tests. Recollect that papers and magazines have less authors, so there probably won't be sufficient working examples out there. They would prefer to invest more energy in the substance and less on the composing samples.</p><p></p><p>If you sense that you don't have a clue how to compose an article yourself, you can request guidance from the school counselor, yet much of the time, it is smarter to search for the ideal model. There are numerous alternatives with regards to the paper composing tests. Numerous teachers give their understudies' expositions to compose during their instructional exercis es and help with altering them. In the event that you would prefer not to get this alternative, you can go to the library to look with the expectation of complimentary composing tests. You can likewise take a gander at online assets, for example, sites which have composing tests just as paper composing samples.</p><p></p><p>However, at times you will even now need to get your article composed by a teacher or coach. This would imply that you need to endure another person's voice. You can be certain that they are a specialist regarding the matter, so there ought to be no issues. In any case, with regards to paper composing tests, there will consistently be contrasts between a decent exposition and an incredible one.</p><p></p><p>One thing that you need to focus on when you are picking your article composing tests is the language. A few people will reveal to you that you ought to invest energy to search for language structure botches. You ought not neglect to focus on this part since you ought not need to pay for an article that has blunders in grammar.</p><p></p><p>The last thing that you need to focus on is the style of the exposition. Understudies will in general stress much over this piece of the instructional exercise, so they will for the most part discover it very difficult to compose expositions. They imagine that they don't have a clue how to compose an exposition, thus they will surrender. You can disclose to them this is only an editing work, and in the event that they can truly compose an article, they can make one in the event that they truly need to.</p><p></p><p>As you can see, it is essential to have the option to pick your paper composing tests cautiously. It is significant that you pick a style that will be directly for your teacher, and yet, it isn't excessively formal or too informal.</p>

Salem Village Map Where Victims and Accusers Lived

Understanding of the  Salem witch trials  involves keeping a lot of details straight, including who lived near whom. Different theories about the causes of the wave of accusations, or how they spread, rely in part on who lived in proximity to whom.   Some theories, for instance, stress that the disposition of property (especially that held by widows) was one trigger for accusations.   Some stress that the craze reflected rivalries between those in Salem proper and those in Salem Village. Charles Upham  created this map for his 1867  Salem Witchcraft  by consulting a variety of maps and also from local visits.   He tried to show all the houses as they were placed in 1692 within Salem Village, and a few others nearby (see Arabic numerals 1, 2, 3... below).   The list below gives who was known to occupy the house in 1692, followed by later owners or occupants. For many, the site of the house is conjecture, indicated in the list below with the abbreviation c. The following is adapted from the list in Uphams  Salem Witchcraft. Abbreviations Used in This List s.  The same house believed to be still standing.s.m.  The same house standing within the memory of persons now living.t.r.  Traces of the house remain.c.  The site given is conjectural. Houses in Salem Town 1. John Willard.  c.2.  Isaac Easty.3. Francis Peabody.  c.4. Joseph Porter. (John Bradstreet.)5. William Hobbs.  t.r.6. John Robinson.7. William Nichols.  t.r.8. Bray Wilkins.  c.9. Aaron Way. (A. Batchelder.)10. Thomas Bailey.11. Thomas Fuller, Sr. (Abijah Fuller.)12. William Way.13. Francis Elliot.  c.14. Jonathan Knight.  c.15. Thomas Cave. (Jonathan Berry.)16. Philip Knight. (J.D. Andrews.)17. Isaac Burton.18. John Nichols, Jr. (Jonathan Perry and Aaron Jenkins.)  s.19. Humphrey Case.  t.r.20. Thomas Fuller, Jr. (J.A. Esty.)  s.21. Jacob Fuller.22. Benjamin Fuller.23. Deacon Edward Putnam.  s.m.24. Sergeant Thomas Putnam. (Moses Perkins.)  s.25. Peter Prescot. (Daniel Towne.)26. Ezekiel Cheever. (Chas. P. Preston.)  s.m.27. Eleazer Putnam. (John Preston.)  s.m.28. Henry Kenny.29. John Martin. (Edward Wyatt.)30. John Dale. (Philip H. Wentworth.)31. Joseph Prince. (Philip H. Wentworth.)32. Joseph Putnam. (S. Clark.)  s.33. John Putnam 3d.34. Benjami n Putnam.35. Daniel Andrew. (Joel Wilkins.)36. John Leach, Jr.  c.37. John Putnam, Jr. (Charles Peabody.)38. Joshua Rea. (Francis Dodge.)  s.39. Mary, wid. of Thos. Putnam. (William R. Putnam.)  s.  [Birthplace of Gen. Israel Putnam. Gen. Putnam also lived in a house, the cellar and well of which are still visible, about one hundred rods north of this, and just west of the present dwelling of Andrew Nichols.]40. Alexander Osburn and James Prince. (Stephen Driver.)  s.41. Jonathan Putnam. (Nath. Boardman.)  s.42. George Jacobs, Jr.43. Peter  Cloyse.  t.r.44. William Small.  s.m.45. John Darling. (George Peabody.)  s.m.46. James Putnam. (Wm. A. Lander.)  s.m.47. Capt. John Putnam. (Wm. A. Lander.)48. Daniel Rea. (Augustus Fowler.)  s.49. Henry Brown.50. John Hutchinson. (George Peabody.)  t.r.51. Joseph Whipple.  s.m.52. Benjamin Porter. (Joseph S. Cabot.)53. Joseph Herrick. (R.P. Waters.)54. John Phelps.  c.55. George Flint.  c.56. Ruth Sibley.  s.m. 57. John Buxton.58. William Allin.59. Samuel Brabrook.  c.60. James Smith.61. Samuel Sibley.  t.r.62. Rev. James Bayley. (Benjamin Hutchinson.)63. John Shepherd. (Rev. M.P. Braman.)64. John Flint.65. John Rea.  s.m.66. Joshua Rea. (Adam Nesmith.)  s.m.67. Jeremiah Watts.68. Edward Bishop, the sawyer. (Josiah Trask.)69. Edward Bishop, husbandman.70. Capt. Thomas Rayment.71. Joseph Hutchinson, Jr. (Job Hutchinson.)72. William Buckley.73. Joseph Houlton, Jr.  t.r.74. Thomas Haines. (Elijah Pope.)  s.75. John Houlton. (F.A. Wilkins.)  s.76. Joseph Houlton, Sr. (Isaac Demsey.)77. Joseph Hutchinson, Sr.  t.r.78. John Hadlock. (Saml. P. Nourse.)  s.m.79. Nathaniel Putnam. (Judge Putnam.)  t.r.80. Israel Porter.  s.m.81. James Kettle.82. Royal Side Schoolhouse.83. Dr. William Griggs.84. John Trask. (I. Trask.)  s.85. Cornelius Baker.86. Exercise Conant. (Subsequently, Rev. John Chipman.)87. Deacon Peter Woodberry.  t.r.88. John Rayment, Sr. (Col. J.W. Raymond.)89. Joseph Swinnerton. (Nathl. Pope.)90. Benjamin Hutchinson.  s.m.91. Job Swinnerton. (Amos Cross.)92. Henry Houlton. (Artemas Wilson.)93. Sarah, widow of Benjamin Houlton. (Judge Houlton.)  s.94. Samuel Rea.95.  Francis Nurse. (Orin Putnam.)  s.96. Samuel Nurse. (E.G. Hyde.)  s.97. John Tarbell.  s.98. Thomas Preston.99. Jacob Barney.100. Sergeant John Leach, Sr. (George Southwick.)  s.m.101. Capt. John Dodge, Jr. (Charles Davis.)  t.r.102. Henry Herrick. (Nathl. Porter.) [This had been the homestead of his father, Henry Herrick.]103. Lot Conant. [This was the homestead of his father, Roger Conant.]104. Benjamin Balch, Sr. (Azor Dodge.)  s.  [This was the homestead of his father, John Balch.]105. Thomas Gage. (Charles Davis.)  s.106. Families of Trask, Grover, Haskell, and Elliott.107. Rev. John Hale.108. Dorcas, widow of William Hoar.109. William and Samuel Upton.  c.110. Abraham and John Smith. (J. Smith.)  s.  [This had been the homestead of Robert Goode ll.]111. Isaac Goodell. (Perley Goodale.)112. Abraham Walcot. (Jasper Pope.)  s.m.113. Zachariah Goodell. (Jasper Pope.)114. Samuel Abbey.115. John Walcot.116. Jasper Swinnerton.  s.m.117. John Weldon. Captain Samuel Gardners farm. (Asa Gardner.)118. Gertrude, widow of Joseph Pope. (Rev. Willard Spaulding.)  s.m.119. Capt. Thomas Flint.  s.120. Joseph Flint.  s.121. Isaac Needham.  c.122. The widow Sheldon and her daughter Susannah.123. Walter Phillips. (F. Peabody, Jr.)124. Samuel Endicott.  s.m.125. Families of Creasy, King, Batchelder, and Howard.126. John Green. (J. Green)  s.127. John Parker.128.  Giles Corey.  t.r.129. Henry Crosby.130. Anthony Needham, Jr. (E. and J.S. Needham.)131. Anthony Needham, Sr.132. Nathaniel Felton. (Nathaniel Felton.)  s.133. James Houlton. (Thorndike Procter.)134. John Felton.135. Sarah Phillips.136. Benjamin Scarlett. (District Schoolhouse No. 6.)137. Benjamin Pope.138. Robert Moulton. (T. Taylor.)  c.139. John Procter.140. Daniel Epps.  c.141. Joseph Buxton.  c.142. George Jacobs, Sr. (Allen Jacobs.)  s.143. William Shaw.144. Alice, widow of Michael Shaflin. (J. King.)145. Families of Buffington, Stone, and Southwick.146. William Osborne.147. Families of Very, Gould, Follet, and Meacham. Nathaniel Ingersoll. ¶ Rev. Samuel Parris.  t.r.* Captain Jonathan Walcot.  t.r. Town of Salem [For the sites of the following dwellings, c., referred to in the book, see the small capitals in the lower right-hand corner of the Map.] A.  Jonathan Corwin.B. Samuel Shattock, John Cook, Isaac Sterns, John Bly.C. Bartholomew Gedney.D. Stephen Sewall.E. Court House.F. Rev. Nicholas Noyes.G.  John Hathorne.H. George Corwin, High-sheriff.I.  Bridget Bishop.J. Meeting-house.K. Gedneys Ship Tavern.L. The Prison.M. Samuel Beadle.N. Rev. John Higginson.O.  Ann Pudeator, John Best.P. Capt. John Higginson.Q. The Town Common.R. John Robinson.S. Christopher Babbage.T. Thomas Beadle.U.  Philip English.W. Place of execution, Witch Hill.

Essay Contests For College Students - More Than Just Writing an Essay

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Essay Samples For SAT and ACT Po - Studying for SAT and ACT

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Schizophrenia and Substance Abuse; Which Came First, the Chicken or the Egg Free Essays

Schizophrenia and Substance Abuse; Which Came First, the Chicken or the Egg? Terry V. Hites Prof. Bramlage Dual Diagnosis / Co-Occurring Disorders December 6, 2008 Schizophrenia and substance abuse; which came first, the chicken or the egg? This is a greatly debated topic within families of schizophrenics that abuse alcohol. We will write a custom essay sample on Schizophrenia and Substance Abuse; Which Came First, the Chicken or the Egg? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this paper I hope to explore the prevalence of substance use with those that suffer from schizophrenia, the age of onset and the age of first use, treatment issues, recovery issues, and finally, the issues regarding the high rate of suicidal thoughts, attempts, and completions within this specific population of individuals. â€Å"The 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health in the United States found that over 23% of adults suffering from serious mental illness abused alcohol or other drugs. In the population without a serious mental illness only 8. 2% abused alcohol or other drugs. Among adults who abused alcohol or other drugs, 20. 4% had a serious mental illness† (Cherry, 2007, p. 37). â€Å"Over 75% of people with a co-occurring disorder who were surveyed during treatment reported a history of childhood physical abuse† (p. 38). Interestingly enough, surveys have shown that individuals are readily willing to address their substance abuse but are not so willing to acknowledge their co-occurring mental illness (p. 9-50). â€Å"The lifetime prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD) in schizophrenia is close to 50%. Substance abuse in schizophrenia is associated with numerous negative consequences, including psychotic relapses criminality, homelessness, unemployment, treatment non-compliance, and health problems† (Potvin, 2007, p. 792). In this population, â€Å"substance abuse is highly prevalent† (p. 792) not just used by a few individuals; but people will abuse substances to cope with the negative or positive symptoms of their illness. When looking at the symptoms that they experience, Potvin goes on to say, â€Å"addicted schizophrenia patients suffer from more severe depressive symptoms, relative to non-abusing patients† (p. 793). Furthermore, the research also shows that males experience the depression more severe than females (p. 797); the depression scale includes anhedonia, psycho motor retardation, etc. (p. 796). Keith goes on to say, â€Å"Substance abuse affects approximately half of patients with schizophrenia and can act as a barrier to compliance† (2007, p. 59). â€Å"The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse (excluding smoking) in patients with schizophrenia has been estimated to be approximately 35 to 55%† (p. 260). â€Å"In addition to experiencing these more severe symptoms, or potentially also as a result, psychosocial problems such as occupational, housing or financial difficulties and crime are endemic in the dual-diagnosis population† Keith asserts (p. 261). When exa mining the prevalence of the co-occurring disorders, one would be remiss to not identify the etiology of each. It could be tempting to conclude that PAS [psychoactive substances] use exacerbates depressive symptoms in a subgroup of schizophrenia patients, because long-term use of alcohol, cannabis and cocaine is associated with depressive symptoms† (Potvin, 2007, p. 797). Although these assertions may be concluded, it is also important to not â€Å"draw inferences about causality, and the reverse explanation cannot be ruled out. That is, severe depressive symptoms may lead patients to use PAS, as proposed by the self-medication hypothesis† (p. 97). â€Å"Psychoactive substance use in juveniles and adults is highly correlated with a number of psychiatric diagnoses, including schizophrenia. Young adults with schizophrenia have a 3 times higher prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD’s) than the corresponding age group in the US general population. † (Hsia o, 2007, p. 88). While the amount of research data on this age group is limited due to studies not addressing them, it is difficult to generalize the data collected (p. 88). Alcohol and marijuana were the two most commonly abused agents in our sample. This is consistent with population-based studies of adolescents. The onset of substance use preceded the onset of psychosis in all of our subjects with co-occurring SUD and schizophrenia. Therefore, it is possible that substance abuse precipitated or exacerbated psychosis in these subjects. Epidemiological and neuroscientific evidence suggests that substance abuse, especially cannabis abuse, can precipitate psychosis in vulnerable subjects. Their sample of 50,413 male adolescents who were suspected of having behavioral problems, Weiser et al. found that adolescents who self-reported abuse of drugs at age 16-17 years were twice as likely to be hospitalized later for schizophrenia† (p. 95). Hsiao goes on to state that, â€Å"the onset of substance use preceded their reports of psychotic symptoms in 90% of the cases† (p. 95). In accordance of the research Keith emphasizes that, â€Å"the onset of substance abuse often occurs before or around the time of onset of schizophrenia. In a study in which 232 patients with first episodes of schizophrenia were interviewed, 62% reported that drug abuse began before the onset of schizophrenia symptoms, and 51% said the same of alcohol abuse. Within this population, 34. 6% of drug abuse and 18. 2% of alcohol abuse began within the same month as the onset of schizophrenia symptoms. In addition, patients with schizophrenia are twice as likely to have had a history of substance abuse at the time of the first episode of schizophrenia than are healthy subjects† (p. 260). Keeping all of these early onset of use issues and early occurrences of the illness in mind there is a tremendous amount of barriers between the individual and their recovery. Next we will explore what issues are barriers to their treatment. â€Å"[T]he realization that co-occurring problems are best treated with an integrated approach has only recently been recognized by the treatment community† states Cherry, (p. 38-39). Universal screening is needed but many barriers stand in the way of its implementation, from training time to building an infrastructure of clinicians who support everyone being screened, (p. 9). Ultimately, universal screening is as much about the attitudes of administrators and clinicians as it is about having a reliable and valid screen to identify co-occurring disorders. Nonetheless, a screen that is quickly administered, easy to interpret and takes little or no training to administer can break down many of those barriers. Even though there are barriers to instituting a screening procedure during intake, the importance of screening for concurrent substance abuse and mental health problems is crucial in the effort to provide effective treatment for people with a co-occurring disorder† (p. 0). Potvin reminds us in his research that, â€Å"ideally, depressive symptoms would be measured both during the active phase of substance abuse and after a period of drug withdrawal, to determine whether the observed differences reflect the acute effects of PAS or more stable traits† (p. 797). Likewise, â€Å"[p]ersons with mental heath or substance abuse disorders may not seek help, at least not in the form of professional treatment (i. e. , psychotherapy, medication), because these treatment options are perceived by the person, family, or social network as inappropriate or undesirable† (Kuppin, 2008, p. 20). Kuppin goes on to say, â€Å"[t]hese findings offer important insights for furthering our understanding of how we thin k about the discrepancy between mental illness and substance abuse prevalence and treatment seeking and adherence† (p. 124). Research echoes with relapse among individuals in this particular population; nonetheless, there are those who investigate options available to improve compliance. â€Å"Many patients with schizophrenia may abuse substances for â€Å"hedonistic† reasons, while others may use them in an attempt to reduce symptoms or distress. Alcohol, in particular, can tend to be used more often than illicit drugs, such as opioids or cannabis, though it has also been reported that patients may turn either to alcohol or illicit drugs to alleviate the negative symptoms inadequately treated, or potentially made worse by conventional antipsychotic and the side effect of dysphoria associated with these agents. However, although patients may believe that substance abuse ameliorates symptoms of schizophrenia, data suggest that many of these underlying symptoms may, in fact, be worsened† (Keith, 2007, p. 260). Therein lies the problem, trying to convince a person that the drug he is using is hurting him, when all he sees is this drug is the only thing that keeps me from hurting myself or others; and in itself that is the lie they tell themselves, they do end up trying to hurt themselves, statistics show it. Additionally, statistics show that non-compliant dual-diagnosed patients account for 57% of hospital readmissions, which is an average of 1. 5 admissions per patient each year (p. 261). â€Å"As schizophrenia is a lifelong illness, it requires long term, uninterrupted treatment to optimize outcomes. The low rate of therapy compliance already associated with schizophrenia can be further compromised when patients are also active substance abusers. Intoxication may impair judgment; reduce motivation to pursue long-term goals and lead to a devaluation of the protection offered by antipsychotic medications, resulting in increased hospital readmissions and significantly more severe symptoms† (p. 262). Treatment is further compromised when a patient does not fully â€Å"buy into† his treatment regime and comply with his doctors, counselors, or therapists. Research shows that several different ways have been developed to try to improve compliance such as pharmacologic methods, case management, and assertive community treatment programs; these do help but improved insight and attitudes about schizophrenia has shown to be most helpful for an individual to take ownership for their recovery. â€Å"Moreover, without treatment, many individuals continue to experience several relapses because the untreated disorder is not addressed† (Cherry, 2007, 39). Atypical antipsychotics are recommended for reducing substance abuse in schizophrenia patients and have been shown to be effective in this manner† (Keith, 2007, 259). Studies however do show that those that have developed a strong alliance with their therapist are more likely to comply with a prescribed medication regime (p. 262). Keith additionally adds that, â€Å"treatment for persons who have both schizophrenia and substance abuse was evaluated by incorporating cognitive-behav ioral drug relapse prevention strategies into a skills training method originally developed to teach social and independent living skills to patients with schizophrenia. Results demonstrated that participants learned substance-abuse management skills, and that their drug use decreased. Improvements were also noted in medication adherence, psychiatric symptoms and quality of life† (p. 263). All in all, recovery is possible for the dual-diagnosed patient, but long term treatment and persistence is required; studies have shown that most individuals experience a long line of relapses and several suicidal attempts before fully embracing recovery. Although it is an ugly part of recovery for many of those with schizophrenia, suicidal thoughts and attempts are common. [S]uicide accounts for approximately10-20% of patient deaths in schizophrenia. In this context, the identification of factors contributing to depression in schizophrenia may have implications for the prevention and treatment of these symptoms† (Potvin, 2007, 793). Research has shown that this particular population is at an increased risk after being prescribed clozapine or olanzapin e and they are currently abusing substances; likewise an increased awareness needs to be made by those working with these individuals to identify and screen for the suicidal ideation (Keith, 2007, p. 61). In conclusion, the prevalence of schizophrenia and substance abuse is great in this country; as well as the age of onset of symptoms and age of first use. Individual treatment issues as well as recovery issues can act as a barrier to one achieving recovery. Although recovery has been shown to be attainable, suicidal thoughts and attempts can be a major deterrent to many individuals experiencing it; through increased compliance via pharmacological services, case management or other methods, individuals can see it. So, schizophrenia or substance abuse; which came first, the chicken or the egg? I’ll let you decide; personally I will work in the framework of integrated treatment and work with the co-occurring disorder. References Cherry, A. L. , Dillon, M. E. , Hellman, C. M. ,   Ã‚  Barney, L. D. (2007). The AC-COD Screen: Rapid Detection of People with the Co-Occurring Disorders of Substance Abuse, Mental Illness, Domestic Violence, and Trauma. Journal of Dual Diagnosis*, [No Volume/Issue], 35-53. Academic Search Complete. Ebsco Host. OSU/Lima Campus Lib. , Lima, OH. 10 October 2008 . Hsiao, R. ,  Ã‚   McClellan, J. (2007). Substance Abuse in Early Onset Psychotic Disorders. Journal of Dual Diagnosis*, [No Volume/Issue], 87-99. Academic Search Complete. Ebsco Host. OSU/Lima Campus Lib. , Lima, OH. 10 October 2008 . Keith,  S. (2007). Dual Diagnosis of Substance Abuse and Schizophrenia: Improving Compliance with Pharmacotherapy. Clinical Schizophrenia Related Psychoses, 1(3), 259-269. Academic Search Complete. Ebsco Host. OSU/Lima Campus Lib. , Lima, OH. 10 October 2008 . Kuppin. (2008). Public Conceptions of Serious Mental Illness and Substance Abuse, Their Causes and Treatments: Findings from the 1996 General Social Survey. American Journal of Public Health, 96(10), S120. Academic Search Complete. Ebsco Host. OSU/Lima Campus Lib. , Lima, OH. 10 October 2008 . Potvin. (2007). Meta-analysis of depressive symptoms in dual-diagnosis schizophrenia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 41(10), 792-799. Academic Search Complete. Ebsco Host. OSU/Lima Campus Lib. , Lima, OH. 10 October 2008 . How to cite Schizophrenia and Substance Abuse; Which Came First, the Chicken or the Egg?, Papers

Schizophrenia and Substance Abuse; Which Came First, the Chicken or the Egg Free Essays

Schizophrenia and Substance Abuse; Which Came First, the Chicken or the Egg? Terry V. Hites Prof. Bramlage Dual Diagnosis / Co-Occurring Disorders December 6, 2008 Schizophrenia and substance abuse; which came first, the chicken or the egg? This is a greatly debated topic within families of schizophrenics that abuse alcohol. We will write a custom essay sample on Schizophrenia and Substance Abuse; Which Came First, the Chicken or the Egg? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this paper I hope to explore the prevalence of substance use with those that suffer from schizophrenia, the age of onset and the age of first use, treatment issues, recovery issues, and finally, the issues regarding the high rate of suicidal thoughts, attempts, and completions within this specific population of individuals. â€Å"The 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health in the United States found that over 23% of adults suffering from serious mental illness abused alcohol or other drugs. In the population without a serious mental illness only 8. 2% abused alcohol or other drugs. Among adults who abused alcohol or other drugs, 20. 4% had a serious mental illness† (Cherry, 2007, p. 37). â€Å"Over 75% of people with a co-occurring disorder who were surveyed during treatment reported a history of childhood physical abuse† (p. 38). Interestingly enough, surveys have shown that individuals are readily willing to address their substance abuse but are not so willing to acknowledge their co-occurring mental illness (p. 9-50). â€Å"The lifetime prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD) in schizophrenia is close to 50%. Substance abuse in schizophrenia is associated with numerous negative consequences, including psychotic relapses criminality, homelessness, unemployment, treatment non-compliance, and health problems† (Potvin, 2007, p. 792). In this population, â€Å"substance abuse is highly prevalent† (p. 792) not just used by a few individuals; but people will abuse substances to cope with the negative or positive symptoms of their illness. When looking at the symptoms that they experience, Potvin goes on to say, â€Å"addicted schizophrenia patients suffer from more severe depressive symptoms, relative to non-abusing patients† (p. 793). Furthermore, the research also shows that males experience the depression more severe than females (p. 797); the depression scale includes anhedonia, psycho motor retardation, etc. (p. 796). Keith goes on to say, â€Å"Substance abuse affects approximately half of patients with schizophrenia and can act as a barrier to compliance† (2007, p. 59). â€Å"The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse (excluding smoking) in patients with schizophrenia has been estimated to be approximately 35 to 55%† (p. 260). â€Å"In addition to experiencing these more severe symptoms, or potentially also as a result, psychosocial problems such as occupational, housing or financial difficulties and crime are endemic in the dual-diagnosis population† Keith asserts (p. 261). When exa mining the prevalence of the co-occurring disorders, one would be remiss to not identify the etiology of each. It could be tempting to conclude that PAS [psychoactive substances] use exacerbates depressive symptoms in a subgroup of schizophrenia patients, because long-term use of alcohol, cannabis and cocaine is associated with depressive symptoms† (Potvin, 2007, p. 797). Although these assertions may be concluded, it is also important to not â€Å"draw inferences about causality, and the reverse explanation cannot be ruled out. That is, severe depressive symptoms may lead patients to use PAS, as proposed by the self-medication hypothesis† (p. 97). â€Å"Psychoactive substance use in juveniles and adults is highly correlated with a number of psychiatric diagnoses, including schizophrenia. Young adults with schizophrenia have a 3 times higher prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD’s) than the corresponding age group in the US general population. † (Hsia o, 2007, p. 88). While the amount of research data on this age group is limited due to studies not addressing them, it is difficult to generalize the data collected (p. 88). Alcohol and marijuana were the two most commonly abused agents in our sample. This is consistent with population-based studies of adolescents. The onset of substance use preceded the onset of psychosis in all of our subjects with co-occurring SUD and schizophrenia. Therefore, it is possible that substance abuse precipitated or exacerbated psychosis in these subjects. Epidemiological and neuroscientific evidence suggests that substance abuse, especially cannabis abuse, can precipitate psychosis in vulnerable subjects. Their sample of 50,413 male adolescents who were suspected of having behavioral problems, Weiser et al. found that adolescents who self-reported abuse of drugs at age 16-17 years were twice as likely to be hospitalized later for schizophrenia† (p. 95). Hsiao goes on to state that, â€Å"the onset of substance use preceded their reports of psychotic symptoms in 90% of the cases† (p. 95). In accordance of the research Keith emphasizes that, â€Å"the onset of substance abuse often occurs before or around the time of onset of schizophrenia. In a study in which 232 patients with first episodes of schizophrenia were interviewed, 62% reported that drug abuse began before the onset of schizophrenia symptoms, and 51% said the same of alcohol abuse. Within this population, 34. 6% of drug abuse and 18. 2% of alcohol abuse began within the same month as the onset of schizophrenia symptoms. In addition, patients with schizophrenia are twice as likely to have had a history of substance abuse at the time of the first episode of schizophrenia than are healthy subjects† (p. 260). Keeping all of these early onset of use issues and early occurrences of the illness in mind there is a tremendous amount of barriers between the individual and their recovery. Next we will explore what issues are barriers to their treatment. â€Å"[T]he realization that co-occurring problems are best treated with an integrated approach has only recently been recognized by the treatment community† states Cherry, (p. 38-39). Universal screening is needed but many barriers stand in the way of its implementation, from training time to building an infrastructure of clinicians who support everyone being screened, (p. 9). Ultimately, universal screening is as much about the attitudes of administrators and clinicians as it is about having a reliable and valid screen to identify co-occurring disorders. Nonetheless, a screen that is quickly administered, easy to interpret and takes little or no training to administer can break down many of those barriers. Even though there are barriers to instituting a screening procedure during intake, the importance of screening for concurrent substance abuse and mental health problems is crucial in the effort to provide effective treatment for people with a co-occurring disorder† (p. 0). Potvin reminds us in his research that, â€Å"ideally, depressive symptoms would be measured both during the active phase of substance abuse and after a period of drug withdrawal, to determine whether the observed differences reflect the acute effects of PAS or more stable traits† (p. 797). Likewise, â€Å"[p]ersons with mental heath or substance abuse disorders may not seek help, at least not in the form of professional treatment (i. e. , psychotherapy, medication), because these treatment options are perceived by the person, family, or social network as inappropriate or undesirable† (Kuppin, 2008, p. 20). Kuppin goes on to say, â€Å"[t]hese findings offer important insights for furthering our understanding of how we thin k about the discrepancy between mental illness and substance abuse prevalence and treatment seeking and adherence† (p. 124). Research echoes with relapse among individuals in this particular population; nonetheless, there are those who investigate options available to improve compliance. â€Å"Many patients with schizophrenia may abuse substances for â€Å"hedonistic† reasons, while others may use them in an attempt to reduce symptoms or distress. Alcohol, in particular, can tend to be used more often than illicit drugs, such as opioids or cannabis, though it has also been reported that patients may turn either to alcohol or illicit drugs to alleviate the negative symptoms inadequately treated, or potentially made worse by conventional antipsychotic and the side effect of dysphoria associated with these agents. However, although patients may believe that substance abuse ameliorates symptoms of schizophrenia, data suggest that many of these underlying symptoms may, in fact, be worsened† (Keith, 2007, p. 260). Therein lies the problem, trying to convince a person that the drug he is using is hurting him, when all he sees is this drug is the only thing that keeps me from hurting myself or others; and in itself that is the lie they tell themselves, they do end up trying to hurt themselves, statistics show it. Additionally, statistics show that non-compliant dual-diagnosed patients account for 57% of hospital readmissions, which is an average of 1. 5 admissions per patient each year (p. 261). â€Å"As schizophrenia is a lifelong illness, it requires long term, uninterrupted treatment to optimize outcomes. The low rate of therapy compliance already associated with schizophrenia can be further compromised when patients are also active substance abusers. Intoxication may impair judgment; reduce motivation to pursue long-term goals and lead to a devaluation of the protection offered by antipsychotic medications, resulting in increased hospital readmissions and significantly more severe symptoms† (p. 262). Treatment is further compromised when a patient does not fully â€Å"buy into† his treatment regime and comply with his doctors, counselors, or therapists. Research shows that several different ways have been developed to try to improve compliance such as pharmacologic methods, case management, and assertive community treatment programs; these do help but improved insight and attitudes about schizophrenia has shown to be most helpful for an individual to take ownership for their recovery. â€Å"Moreover, without treatment, many individuals continue to experience several relapses because the untreated disorder is not addressed† (Cherry, 2007, 39). Atypical antipsychotics are recommended for reducing substance abuse in schizophrenia patients and have been shown to be effective in this manner† (Keith, 2007, 259). Studies however do show that those that have developed a strong alliance with their therapist are more likely to comply with a prescribed medication regime (p. 262). Keith additionally adds that, â€Å"treatment for persons who have both schizophrenia and substance abuse was evaluated by incorporating cognitive-behav ioral drug relapse prevention strategies into a skills training method originally developed to teach social and independent living skills to patients with schizophrenia. Results demonstrated that participants learned substance-abuse management skills, and that their drug use decreased. Improvements were also noted in medication adherence, psychiatric symptoms and quality of life† (p. 263). All in all, recovery is possible for the dual-diagnosed patient, but long term treatment and persistence is required; studies have shown that most individuals experience a long line of relapses and several suicidal attempts before fully embracing recovery. Although it is an ugly part of recovery for many of those with schizophrenia, suicidal thoughts and attempts are common. [S]uicide accounts for approximately10-20% of patient deaths in schizophrenia. In this context, the identification of factors contributing to depression in schizophrenia may have implications for the prevention and treatment of these symptoms† (Potvin, 2007, 793). Research has shown that this particular population is at an increased risk after being prescribed clozapine or olanzapin e and they are currently abusing substances; likewise an increased awareness needs to be made by those working with these individuals to identify and screen for the suicidal ideation (Keith, 2007, p. 61). In conclusion, the prevalence of schizophrenia and substance abuse is great in this country; as well as the age of onset of symptoms and age of first use. Individual treatment issues as well as recovery issues can act as a barrier to one achieving recovery. Although recovery has been shown to be attainable, suicidal thoughts and attempts can be a major deterrent to many individuals experiencing it; through increased compliance via pharmacological services, case management or other methods, individuals can see it. So, schizophrenia or substance abuse; which came first, the chicken or the egg? I’ll let you decide; personally I will work in the framework of integrated treatment and work with the co-occurring disorder. References Cherry, A. L. , Dillon, M. E. , Hellman, C. M. ,   Ã‚  Barney, L. D. (2007). The AC-COD Screen: Rapid Detection of People with the Co-Occurring Disorders of Substance Abuse, Mental Illness, Domestic Violence, and Trauma. Journal of Dual Diagnosis*, [No Volume/Issue], 35-53. Academic Search Complete. Ebsco Host. OSU/Lima Campus Lib. , Lima, OH. 10 October 2008 . Hsiao, R. ,  Ã‚   McClellan, J. (2007). Substance Abuse in Early Onset Psychotic Disorders. Journal of Dual Diagnosis*, [No Volume/Issue], 87-99. Academic Search Complete. Ebsco Host. OSU/Lima Campus Lib. , Lima, OH. 10 October 2008 . Keith,  S. (2007). Dual Diagnosis of Substance Abuse and Schizophrenia: Improving Compliance with Pharmacotherapy. Clinical Schizophrenia Related Psychoses, 1(3), 259-269. Academic Search Complete. Ebsco Host. OSU/Lima Campus Lib. , Lima, OH. 10 October 2008 . Kuppin. (2008). Public Conceptions of Serious Mental Illness and Substance Abuse, Their Causes and Treatments: Findings from the 1996 General Social Survey. American Journal of Public Health, 96(10), S120. Academic Search Complete. Ebsco Host. OSU/Lima Campus Lib. , Lima, OH. 10 October 2008 . Potvin. (2007). Meta-analysis of depressive symptoms in dual-diagnosis schizophrenia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 41(10), 792-799. Academic Search Complete. Ebsco Host. OSU/Lima Campus Lib. , Lima, OH. 10 October 2008 . How to cite Schizophrenia and Substance Abuse; Which Came First, the Chicken or the Egg?, Papers